Prostate Cancer: Risk Factors, Early Detection, and Treatment Options

Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men and, when detected early, is highly treatable. Dr. Gil Nieves explains that “prostate cancer is the uncontrolled growth of prostate cells that can invade nearby tissues or spread to distant parts of the body.”

One of the biggest challenges of prostate cancer is that it often does not cause symptoms in its early stages. “Prostate cancer usually has no symptoms at first, which is why annual screening is so important to detect it early,” the specialist emphasizes.

Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer

Age is the most significant risk factor. Prostate cancer most commonly affects men between 65 and 75 years old. Race also plays an important role, as it is more common among African American and Hispanic men.

Genetics is another key factor. “Men who have first-degree relatives with prostate cancer have an increased risk of developing the disease,” Dr. Nieves explains.

The Importance of Screening and Early Detection

Early detection is critical because prostate cancer has a cure rate of over 90% when diagnosed and treated in its early stages.

Men aged 50 and older are encouraged to undergo annual prostate cancer screening, including a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test and a digital rectal exam or imaging studies as recommended by their physician. For men with risk factors, screening may begin as early as age 40.

“Prostate cancer is silent, and being proactive can save your life,” Dr. Nieves stresses.

Treatment Options

Treatment for prostate cancer depends on the stage and aggressiveness of the tumor. In low-risk cases, active surveillance may be recommended. For patients with more advanced disease or those who can tolerate it, surgery or radiation therapy may be considered.

For older patients or those who are not candidates for surgery or radiation, hormonal therapy may be an appropriate treatment option.

Through Alivia Specialty Pharmacy (ASP), a line of business of Alivia Health, comprehensive support is provided to patients requiring specialized oncology therapies. The ASP team coordinates specialty medications, assists with prior authorizations, provides treatment guidance, and ensures continuous follow-up to facilitate timely access to therapy.

Avoiding the topic of prostate cancer does not reduce risk. Prevention, routine screening, and early detection are powerful tools that can significantly improve outcomes and save lives.